Contents
XV
22.9
Metabolic Homeostasis during
Exercise
517
Exercise Generating Maximum Power
517
High-Intensity Endurance Exercise
517
Low-Level Nonfatiguing Exercise
518
Supplemental Readings
and References
518
CHAPTER
23
Nucleic Acid Structure and
Properties of DNA
23.1
Components of Nucleic Acids
521
Base Pairing and Base Composition
522
Tautomerization of Bases
523
Méthylation of Bases
524
23.2
Physical and Chemical Structure
of DNA
524
The Watson-Crick DNA Structure
524
Alternative DNA Structures
526
Plasmid DNA
526
Circular and Supercoiled DNA
526
23.3
Denaturation of DNA
527
23.4
Renaturation of DNA
528
23.5
Repetitive DNA Sequences
530
23.6
Degradation of DNA
530
Nucleases
530
Restriction Enzymes
530
23.7
Diagnostic and Clinical Applications
of DNA
532
DNA Probes
532
Southern Blot Analysis
532
Polymorphisms
533
Forensic DNA Analysis
535
Sequencing DNA
535
Gene Therapy
536
23.8
DNA Vaccines
537
Antibodies to DNA
537
23.9
The Human Genome Project
538
23.10 Genomics and Proteomics
542
Supplemental Readings
and References
542
Structure of DNA
542
Sequencing DNA
542
Properties of DNA
542
Gene Therapy
543
Human Genome Project
543
CHAPTER
24
DNA Replication, Repair, and
Mutagenesis
24.1
DNA Replication
546
Problems of Replication
546
Semiconservative Replication
546
Origin and Direction of DNA Replication
546
Replicons
546
Discontinuous DNA Replication
547
24.2
Enzymology of DNA Replication
548
DNA Polymerases
548
Exonuclease Activities of Polymerase I
550
Polymerase III
551
Eukaryotic Polymerases
552
24.3
The Replication Fork
552
Inhibitors of DNA Replication
553
Topoisomerase I Inhibitors
553
24.4
Chromosome Replication
554
Replication of DNA in Chromosomes
555
Replication at the Ends of Chromosomes
555
24.5
DNA Repair
556
Mismatch Repair and Méthylation
of DNA
556
